Hip Roof Framing Plans - Designs and Illustrations

Equal pitch hip roof framing plans showing basic hip framing layout and placement of common rafters and hip roof rafters by custom house plan designer.

In this article we will try to show you how to build a simple "hip roof" and try and show the component parts that make up an "equal pitch hip roof" structure using the "double cheek cut hip rafter method" used by most framers today.

In this method of construction the center ridge board will grow by half the thickness of the ridge board material, usually 3/4" at each end of the structure.

In this example we are looking down on the right rear corner of a simple rectangular building. Using half the span distance of the building less half the ridge board thickness which is 3/4" in this example, mark your top plate and set ahead 1 1/2". That will be the location of the first common rafter front and rear on both ends of the building.

Your jack rafters will start from that position and layout on 16" centers toward the right rear corner. This is the hip and jack rafter measurements as shown in this example. You could actually cut all four hip sections from these measurements and they would complete your rafter construction perfectly.

But that would not work well for ceiling joist layout and being able to tie both rafters (common and Jacks) together to create a solid and well built home. So we would want to offset the common and jack rafters 1 1/2" to allow both to be able to lap beside each other and be nailed together forming a well built roof system.

This method will cause all of the rafters and jack rafters on the front side to maintain a 16" on center balance.

This makes cutting the roof sheathing much easier and quicker. In the event the ceiling joist are used as a attic flooring your plywood sheathing will work well also.

Note: This will force you to custom cut the front right corner as well as the front and rear sections on the left end of the building. I show this in figure #4 marked "Special Cut Jack Rafter Layout" near the bottom of the page.

Not to worry though its easy to do. The right front section jacks would simply be 1 1/2" shorter. The left end can be simply measured once your layout work is complete maintaining your 16" on center the entire width of the building. The remaining jack rafters in these two sections would simply decrease each one by a given number according to the roof pitch used.

Common Rafters:
Common rafters are the same on gable roofs as well as on hip roofs and can be figured exactly the same way.

Hip Corners:
Regular pitch hip roofs means that all four sides are on the same angle plane and will run at a 45 degree angle directly from the corner to the end of the center ridge board.

Hip Rafters:
Hip roof rafters are designed with a lower pitch so the corner can be made and roof sheathing can be applied to form the corner of the structure properly. It also carries the smaller jack rafters.

Plan View:
Our plan detail drawing shows all four corners of this simple hip roof structure with all common rafters, hips and jack rafters fitting together properly.

Equal Pitch Roof Rafter Layout:
Placing the ridge and common rafters should be the first thing to be laid out on your wall top plates. From this layout you can mark out all the rest of the common and jack rafter positions. It might be a good idea to draw a big X where the rafters will actually set.

Hip Rafter Side Cut Angles:
This side cut angle can be obtained the same way as the jack rafter cheek cut angle.

Jack Rafter Side Cut Angles:
Side cut angles or commonly called cheek cuts enable the jack rafter to connect properly with the side of the hip rafter.

Plywood Cut Angles:
Even though a equal pitch hip roof has hips running inward at a 45 degree angle the plywood sheathing cut angle is very different and on our 4x12 pitch roof example it turns out to be 46.53 degrees.

Jack Rafters:
Jack rafters start with the first common rafter and continue on to make up the complete corner. These must be calculated properly to fit in order for the sheathing to continue to the corner. When installing your jack rafters be sure to straighten the hip rafter and install the first two jack rafters some where in the middle to secure the hip. When you install one side install the other side of the hip as well. This will help keep the hip rafter nice and straight.

Typical Ceiling Joist Layout:
Ceiling joist layout if placed properly will enable you to set all rafters much quicker and finish with a very neat project.

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Kitchen Designs - What is really a Contemporary Kitchen area?

A modern kitchen design is simply a kitchen area which is made and designed with the most sophisticated gadgetries and at the exact same time purposeful. Every cooking area that's been well considered and planned smartly will not only give you a feeling of full satisfaction however it has all the features of a work area that gives productivity and efficiency. A contemporary kitchen layout has some attributes of its very own and look distinct to some other. Mainly, it signifies that your cooking area is planned and constructed to agree with your needs, design and personal taste and even serve its purposein relation to your unique requirement.

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Patio Ideas - Stepping Out With Stone Patio Designs And Brick Patio Patterns

Tired of retro concrete with a boring brick trim? Or perhaps the pressure treated border timbers holding back a creeping riot of crab grass down the middle of your patio or drive? Making a stone patio design change has never been easier. New materials like interlocking paving stones, improved engineering and installation open a new world of landscape patio ideas to add class, and value to your home and lifestyle.

Outdoor Patio Ideas - The Creative "Ah Hah" Insight. Where does a new, bold and classy patio design idea come from? For starters, "think outside the box" ...view your property fresh ... eliminate all the conventional square edges and rectangles, and see whether new shapes and a wholly different integration of plants, patio and drive can be created.

Step #1 - Measurements And Layouts. Take your time. Measure your present drive or patio space. Add any features or re-shaping that you'd like to consider. Once you have the gross dimensions worked out ... or square footage, you're ready to look at some of the contemporary stone patio designs ... drawing from the wide range of interlocking earth hued long lasting textured stones ... or perhaps an innovative brick paving pattern to highlight your property.

Step #2 - Who's The Right Contractor? Stone patio construction requires engineering knowledge, special measuring tools, excavating equipment and a trained eye for space and layouts. Unless you're on the extreme edge of the do-it-yourselfer Bell Curve, you'll be looking at local landscape construction firms to do the heavy lifting. Here's the "inside scoop" on how to gauge the best artisans:-

* Tip #1 - Background Business Stuff. The background 'business stuff" you need to directly look over includes (a). a copy of the contractor's license to operate (b). evidence of workers comp coverage and (c). evidence of accident and property liability insurance, to insulate you-as-customer from potential legal actions based on the contractor's fault.

* Tip #2 - Examples Of Job Performance. Here's where your critical eye comes into focus. You want naturally to see current site work, in order to get a feel for how the contractor works, type of equipment, whether he shows up on schedule and so on. However, a deeper time-based view of the contractor's skill will exist in past work ... jobs that he performed 2 to 5 years ago! These are the sites where the "product quality" reveals itself. Did the patio or drive foundation buckle or sag? Did the paver stones or bricks move around? Did the edges collapse? Did crabgrass and other vegetation take over?

* Tip #3 - Get Customer References. You can't talk to enough customers, or competent referring tradesmen, when you're selecting your contractor. After all, you're making a substantial investment in your property. You want your new stone patio design to look terrific ... and last for years with minimal maintenance and cost.

Step #3 - Stone Patio Construction. Going from a stone patio design to a finished landscape is all about engineering know-how ... building proper foundations, understanding the various materials and how they'll integrate to create strength and long lasting durability.

* Site Prep. First, your site is "prepped" ...old stuff like concrete, wood borders, excess gravel and so on are removed. Your patio or drive is marked and elevation or depths marked and measured with strings.

* Establishing Level "True" Grade. Small "cats" and back hoes scrape and re-position material, drawing down to around 7 inches below the final elevation. By hand, workman screed the patio or drive area, fine-tuning the grade so that it's 'true' and level, even where it naturally slopes away for drainage.

* Sand And Compacting. Refined sand is spread across the patio 'field', then compacted and screed-leveled until a perfect grade and substrate has been created ... at an elevation about 3 inches below "final grade", or at the grade where your selected paving stone's dimensions will complete the elevation.

* Laying The Brick Patio Pattern. No matter whether you've selected bricks or an interlocking paving stone design, the next step is where the patio or drive "field" is actually set out ... all the stones or bricks are laid down, true to your stone patio design. Dry sand is spread over the bricks or paver stones, followed by careful compacting which shakes and distributes sand into all the cracks. Result? Sand plus stones plus substrate "interlock" to form a solid, long wear surface.

Bottom Line. Learn more about the patio ideas including stone patio designs and patio landscaping ideas that will create an outdoor living environment that will add a new lifestyle touch.

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